Is There An Animal Called A Cantaloupe

Contents

1. Key Facts
2. Introduction
3. Foodborne Outbreaks and Recalls
4. Product
5. Food Safety
6. Consumption
7. Diet
8. References

Primal Facts

• In 2011, the contamination of fresh, whole cantaloupes resulted in a multi-state outbreak of listeriosis and resulted in 147 illnesses and 33 deaths. An environmental cess conducted after the outbreak ended suggests that the combination of available nutrients on the rind, increased rind water activity, and bereft cooling to remove field rut before cold storage created an ideal surround for the growth of Listeria
• The complex surface of cantaloupe makes it well-suited for harboring pathogens.
• Cantaloupes are a low-calorie source of vitamin A (β-carotene), vitamin C, potassium, folic acid, iron, some dietary cobweb, and calcium.
• Betwixt 2000 and 2020, at to the lowest degree 45 cantaloupe-associated outbreaks were reported to CDC's National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS), causing 1,917 illnesses, 390 hospitalizations, and xl deaths; the most deaths related to food-borne illnesses.
• The almost contempo cantaloupe recall occurred in October of 2020 due to the contamination of Salmonella. The recall has ended.
• AlthoughSalmonella has been the crusade of nearly of the outbreaks (23) and illnesses (997 persons), Norovirus,Campylobacter, coli O157, Listeria , Shigella, and other pathogens have also been associated with cantaloupe.
• For video instruction on how to wash cantaloupe, please visit Food Smart Colorado.

Introduction

Cantaloupes (scientific name:Cucumis melo Fifty. cantaloupe) are office of the Cucurbitaceae found family unit and are too commonly referred to as muskmelon (Cucumis melo). Even so, these are different plants scientifically and accept different characteristics. Cantaloupes are characterized by a hard, not-netted and rough-warty rind, while muskmelons are characterized by having a netted rind and thick orangish flesh. There is only a very small number of true cantaloupes grown in the United states of america. Despite these differences, the U.South. Section of Agriculture simply uses the term "cantaloupe" to depict both true cantaloupe and muskmelon.

In that location are many cantaloupe varieties, and growers select seeds based on their region'southward soil type and weather weather condition.

California is by far the largest producer of cantaloupe in the U.Southward., accounting for almost threescore% of the nation's supply in 2018; Arizona is the 2d largest producer, accounting for 20% of the supply.

Colorado farmers have been growing cantaloupes, and primarily the "Netted Precious stone" variation, for market since the Burpee company cultivar was introduced in the early 1880s. Although there are several dozen farms growing cantaloupes across the state of Colorado, most are grown in the Rocky Ford region in the southeastern portion of the state. Landowner, politician, and entrepreneur, George Washington Swink, congenital the melon manufacture subsequently he transformed this region by developing a culvert-based irrigation system.

Many consider Rocky Ford cantaloupes to exist some of the all-time. They are known for their quality and sweet, which is the result of the seed used and the type of soil in the region—a sandy loam or clay-loam soil—equally well as certain product practices used.

Colorado Cantaloupe Data

Despite the popularity of the Rocky Ford cantaloupe, Colorado just ranks eighth among states in production, accounting for less than 1% of the total acres harvested. Just nether 85% of all Colorado cantaloupes are grown in the Southeast agricultural district, with the major contributing counties being Otero and Pueblo. The Northeast agricultural district of Boulder and Weld counties contribute almost 8% of the country's production.

2017 Colorado planting data:

• Dates planted: Apr 15 to May 15
• Full acres harvested: 577
• Most agile harvesting dates: August 10^th—Baronial 31^st
• Days to market maturity after pollination: 40-l days

Foodborne Outbreaks and Recalls

In the United States, during the period between 1998 and 2018, cantaloupes were the fourth most common produce item to cause foodborne illness, after leafy greens, sprouts, and tomatoes (respectively), although cantaloupes were consumed in lower quantities. Betwixt 2000 and 2020, at least 45 cantaloupe-associated outbreaks were reported to CDC'southward National Outbreak Reporting Arrangement (NORS), causing 1,917 illnesses, 390 hospitalizations, and 40 deaths; the most deaths related to food-borne illnesses.

Although over half of all cantaloupe outbreaks have been due toSalmonella contamination, there have also been issues related to Norovirus,Campylobacter,E. coli O157,Listeria,Shigella, and other pathogens.

Many cantaloupe outbreaks accept been linked to imported fruit; all the same, the major, multistate listeriosis and salmonellosis outbreaks in 2011 and 2012 were associated with consumption of fresh cantaloupe from farms located in Colorado and Indiana, respectively.

Compared with other foodborne disease outbreaks, cantaloupe outbreaks have been more than astringent and widespread.Since 1999 there have been i,732 illnesses, 367 hospitalizations, and 40 deaths.

The 2011 outbreak was the deadliest outbreak since 1924 and was the first listeriosis outbreak associated with melon. A total of 147 ill persons were reported, of which, 99% were hospitalized; 33 deaths were reported. Ages of sick persons ranged from less than 1 to 96 years of age (median 78 years old). Near ill persons were over lx years old, and 7 pregnancy-related illness (three newborns and four pregnant women) were reported, resulting in one miscarriage. The outbreak was unusual in that five widely differing pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern combinations and ii serotypes (i/2a and 1/2b) were associated with the outbreak. Traceback investigation identified Jensen Farms in Holly, Colorado every bit the source of the contaminated cantaloupes. The method by which Listeria contaminated the cantaloupes at Jensen Farms remains unknown despite FDA investigations.

A twelvemonth after the listeriosis outbreak, another multistate outbreak occurred infecting 261 people with both Salmonella Newport and Salmonella Typhimurium strains. Sick persons ranged from less than ane to 100 years quondam (median 47 years erstwhile). 51% of those infected reported existence hospitalized and iii deaths occurred.

In February 2013, the managing director of the Center for Nutrient Safety and Applied Nutrition at the FDA issued letters to members of the cantaloupe industry who abound, harvest, sort, pack, procedure, or send cantaloupe, directing them to observe the existing best practices for food safety.

Cantaloupes were included in a 2018Salmonella outbreak and recall of pre-cut melons and mixed fruit salads containing melon. This outbreak, which spanned from April to July of 2018 involved 9 states, resulting in 77 illnesses and 36 hospitalizations. Investigation into the outbreak linked the Salmonella Adelaide outbreak strain to pre-cut melon supplied by Caito Foods, which included pre-cut with cantaloupe, pre-cut watermelon, and pre-cut fruit mixes. Caito Nutrient initiated a recall on June of 2018 every bit a result of illnesses reported in the surface area and reports made by country departments of public health.

Caito Foods was linked to additional outbreak of Salmonella Carrau the following year that occurred between March 2019 and May 2019. A total of 137 people were infected during the outbreak, leading to 38 hospitalization and no reported deaths. Traceback evidence revealed that pre-cut melon from Caito Foods was the source of the outbreak; Caito foods afterwards issued a call back on pre-cutting watermelon, pre-cutting cantaloupe, and fruit mixes containing melon every bit they had the previous year. In February 2020, Caito Foods announced it would be closing their fresh-cut nutrient manufacturing operations due to loss of a major customer.

An investigation was initiated in February 2020 past the CDC and public health government across several states when 165 people were infected with Salmonella Javiana. Infections were reported across 14 states, leading to 73 known hospitalizations and no reported deaths. Traceback investigation identified cut fruit, including cantaloupe, honeydew melon, pineapple, and grapes, produced by Tailor Cut Produce of Due north Brunswick, New Bailiwick of jersey was the probable source of the outbreak. The majority of sick people interviewed identified that they had consumed cutting fruit in the week before illness onset; nerveless records further indicated that the locations where sick people consumed or bought fruit was supplied past Tailor Cut Produce. In response, Tailor Cutting Produce issued a think of all implicated fruits, however the source of the contamination within the facility was never identified. The most contempo call back was related to contamination of Salmonella in Oct of 2020. All cuts of cantaloupe were recalled relating to Kandy Brand from Eagle Produce, LLC. No illnesses were reported.

To contribute to the Foodborne Outbreaks section, please follow this link: https://fsi.colostate.edu/suggest-a-topic/

Production

Worldwide, the United states of america is the 8^th largest producer of cantaloupes/other melons. Nearly 14 meg pounds of cantaloupes were produced in the U.S. in 2017, reaching a product value of over $260 one thousand thousand. However, both the harvested area and weight production of cantaloupe has decreased from 1992 to 2017—from 109,400 to 57,050 acres and 1.8 to 1.three trillion pounds.

While the U.South. exported 179 1000000 pounds, over 1.0 billion pounds of cantaloupe were imported in 2017. Most imported production comes from Republic of guatemala, with Honduras, United mexican states, and Republic of costa rica supplying a significant amount besides.

In 2018, the states leading cantaloupe production by weight were California, Arizona, Indiana, North Carolina, Texas, and Pennsylvania, respectively. Over 80% of the nation's cantaloupes were grown in California and Arizona.

Soil & Planting

Cantaloupes are warm-season almanac plants that are sensitive to freezing temperatures at any growth phase. They grow best in sunny, hot weather condition, with minimal rain and low humidity, and they are typically planted in the jump after frost is no longer a concern.

Sandy soils are used for the earliest plantings because they warm more apace in the jump, while loam and clay loam soils are preferred for main-flavour production due to greater water-holding chapters, which favors a prolonged harvest period.

Well-nigh cantaloupes are direct seeded, in a single seed line per bed. Seeds are planted nether 3 to half dozen inches of loose, pre-irrigated, moist soil. Information technology is important that the soil is well-drained to prevent root diseases.

Cantaloupes are often planted in raised beds, which helps irrigation water get to the roots while the melon remains dry out. A lightweight plastic motion picture or mulch is often used to cover a seedbed. See plasticulture for details.

In California, some growers utilise specialized techniques to promote earliness. In the southern desert valleys, cantaloupes are frequently grown in a mid-bed trench. This system uses a bed shaper to produce a trench in the center of an eighty-inch bed. A unmarried seed line is planted in the trench and then covered with articulate polyethylene, which helps provide some frost protection and aids in early growth. Afterward plants are established, they are thinned, the area is weeded, and the polyethylene is vented and removed. The beds are and so reshaped into a standard configuration.

Slant-bed culture is too mutual, wherein a single seed row is planted on a south-facing side of a sloping 80-inch bed. This method increases solar heating and stimulates germination. These beds are as well re-shaped after crop establishment into a standard lxxx-inch raised bed.

Cantaloupes produce both staminate and perfect flowers, the latter having both male and female parts and ultimately developing into the fruit.

Growing cantaloupes requires bee pollination. Poor weather atmospheric condition (cold, rain, high wind, or prolonged cloud coverage) or use of pesticides that reduce bee activity may reduce yield.

If cantaloupes contact moist soil during the growing period, a "ground spot" may effect. This is an area on the rind that is thin, poorly developed, soft, and appears lighter in color. The presence of a ground spot increases the hazard for microbial growth and pathogen contagion. In addition, cantaloupes with ground spot may be more susceptible to internalization by pathogens during postal service-harvest handling.

In some regions, growers will hand-turn melons to preclude development of a ground spot, increasing the potential for contamination from human being contact. However, footing spot germination can exist prevented using methods other than hand-turning to go on cantaloupes off of the ground and dry, including proper planting-bed preparation and careful irrigation management.

Soil amendments

Although it is not common do, some growers may use creature manure and/or composts as soil amendments.

To qualify for organic certification, growers of organic cantaloupes must comply with requirements for composted and certified soil amendments.

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Irrigation

Cantaloupes need plentiful h2o, and frequency of irrigation can vary from weekly to daily. In that location is considerable variation depending on weather, irrigation efficiency, leaching requirements, and need for pre-irrigation.

The water used during production and harvesting activities may come from a diversity of sources, including municipal water, wastewater, ponds, rivers, lakes, wells, etc.

Cantaloupe growers utilise a wide multifariousness of irrigation methods to ensure soil is moist, peculiarly prior to planting. Ane of the most popular and oldest methods is furrow irrigation, also known as surface or overflowing irrigation. Although historically, almost cantaloupe fields have been furrowed, many other growers take used sprinkler irrigation.

A more "intensive" method, drip irrigation, has become more popular since the 1990's, resulting in approximately 2,000 acres in Colorado being devoted to drip irrigation, ninety% of which is used to abound high-value crops, such as cantaloupe, watermelon, and onions. Drip lines are usually buried in the center of the soil beds; the drip system is portable, and depending on the grower's management scheme and ingather rotation, the baste systems may be renovated each season or left in place for a number of years. Most cantaloupes in Colorado are now grown using a combination of baste irrigation and plasticulture.

Whichever irrigation technique is used, it is of import to ensure the tops of the beds stay dry out in lodge to minimize fruit contact with moist soil, as this can result in ground spot and fruit rot.

Preventing disease in cantaloupe plants

Certain cultivars can be susceptible to various fungi and viruses. Additionally, various weeds and insects may be problematic. To reduce risk of common illness bug, growers avert planting cantaloupes immediately following other cucurbits or solanaceous crops (such as tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant) in the rotation for at to the lowest degree four years.

Some growers use pesticides and/or fungicide-treated seed. Others may apply fungicide or whitewash foliar applications to forestall sunscald of ripening melons. Typically, spray applications are terminated 1-ii weeks prior to harvest, except with sure approved materials to treat late-season leaf diseases.

While cantaloupe varieties take been selectively bred to have good efficacy of preventing powdery mildew, no cultivars exist that make the melon resistant to insects or nematodes. Insecticides are therefore widely used; Over 130% of all cantaloupe-growing acres were treated with an insecticide in 2010, suggesting that some areas are treated with multiple chemicals for pest protection.

Weeds tin can exist a serious trouble in cantaloupe cultivation, and growers use a variety of weed-control methods. Where fields are pre-irrigated and planted in moist soil, in-row weed control is primarily used. Synthetic mulches are known to assistance control weeds within a row, with black or articulate plastic being the most mutual and constructive. Yet, xl% of all cantaloupe-growing acres were treated with herbicides in 2010.

Typically, during thinning of the melon seedlings, nigh fields receive at least one manus-hoeing. Herbicide application post-obit thinning is also mutual practice to assist foreclose weed growth throughout the flavor.

Harvesting, packing, and storage

Cantaloupes are harvested by hand, typically during what is known as the three-quarters to full-skid stage, when melons are mature/ripe, with a more gold appearance, when sugar levels are highest, and when the fruit begins to easily split up from the stem with a twist or pull. Over a x–14 24-hour interval period, fields are harvested 8 to ten times. If pathogens are present during this fourth dimension, they can get attached to the cantaloupe rind, specially where the stem was removed (the stem scar).

Handling practices immediately following harvest differ by grower and farm location/region and may bear upon food safety.

Most generally, cantaloupes are harvested, packed, inspected, and graded in the field, then transported to storage facility maintained at 36-40°F earlier they are shipped. Some producers harvest the melons into field bins and motion them directly into shipping boxes in one case in the packing house.

In other cases, they are harvested into field boxes, plastic bins, in trailers, or onto a conveyor chugalug machine, ultimately to be taken to shed packing houses or other central packing facilities where they are packed in cartons or crates.

In the latter scenario, before the melons go packed and taken to cooling facilities, they are cleaned with brushes, either while dry or after they are hydrocooled through immersion in a dump tank or by spraying with water (and in some cases disinfectant-treated h2o). Some producers may take other steps to remove soil or other contaminants from the surface of the melons to prevent mold development.

Cantaloupes are sized either mechanically or by sight and generally packed in twoscore-pound cartons prior to shipment. Palletized cartons are shipped primarily by truck to terminal markets and wholesale receivers across the United States and Canada and are typically stored at 36°F to 40°F prior to shipment.

In order to maximize the fruit'southward postharvest life, rapid removal of field heat is necessary. Forced air (pressure) cooling is the most common method used. Once properly cooled, cantaloupes tin can be stored for two weeks or more at temperatures between 34–twoscore°F.

For more than information regarding the production and distribution of Cantaloupes please visit the Produce Betoken of Origin Database.

Food Condom

Unfortunately, the physical characteristics of their rind and flesh make cantaloupes susceptible to pathogen contagion and growth. Cantaloupe consumption has been associated with many outbreaks in the concluding few decades, with 43 reported from 1998–2018.

Following the 2011 Listeriosis outbreak, ten cantaloupe growers from Colorado'south Rocky Ford region partnered to form the Rocky Ford Growers Association — to protect their paradigm and prevent future outbreaks. Past joining the Association, they have agreed to have risk assessment and/or audit review of their farms and strict adherence to USDA Proficient Agricultural Practices (GAPs) and Good Handling Practices (GHPs).

As contamination tin arise from soil, h2o, equipment, animals, or humans, and tin can occur at whatsoever phase of production (growth, harvesting, mail service-harvest handling, packing, transportation, or distribution), it is important to understand the details of each. Also, production methods may vary considerably between growers or by region.

Recommendations for rubber consumer handling of cantaloupe are to employ the production soon after purchase and wash the exterior rind thoroughly under cold, clean running water, scrubbing with a clean vegetable brush to assistance remove soil or possible contagion earlier cut. A make clean knife and cutting board should exist used. Cutting melon should be stored at refrigerator temperature (41°F) or beneath and used within seven days. If the cutting melon is kept above 41°F, it must be discarded afterward 4 hours.

Consumption

Over the past forty years, global trade providing fruit twelvemonth-round and healthy-eating initiatives have increased the consumption of fresh produce in America. Melon consumption has also increased with the introduction of sweeter seedless and hybrid varieties. Cantaloupe, like nearly melons, is typically sliced and served with the rind on or removed from the rind.

Since 2003, cantaloupe consumption has been steadily decreasing, dropping from 10.eight pound to 8.7 pounds per capita in 2018. In that same year, Americans ate an average of 27 pounds of melons (including watermelon, honeydew, and others). While cantaloupe consumption has decreased, it is nonetheless high in comparing to other melons and in 2017 was the 2^nd most unremarkably consumed melon, just backside watermelon.

Contempo marketing attempts have been targeted at smaller households and the unmarried-serving market and have been focused on pre-cut cantaloupe displays and in-store salad confined.

More information on how to keep cantaloupe stored properly please visit FoodKeeper App.

Diet

Cantaloupes are a low-calorie (27 calories per i/2 cup serving), food-dumbo fruit. They are a rich source of vitamin A (β-carotene), vitamin C, potassium, folic acrid, and the micronutrients copper, iron, and zinc. Cantaloupe is naturally low in sodium and contains some dietary cobweb and calcium.

References

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Externally Reviewed by: Mike Bartolo, PhD Affiliation: CSU Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Vegetable Crop Senior Research Scientist and Extension Specialist Reviewed on: three Nov 2015

Source: https://fsi.colostate.edu/cantaloupe/

Posted by: danielalmom1995.blogspot.com

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